Solar energy in Manado, Indonesia
Average irradiation 5.38 kWh/m²/day · ~1571 kWh per kWp per year
Monthly solar irradiation & temperature in Manado (NASA POWER)
| Month | Irradiation (kWh/m²/day) | Avg temp (°C) | Est. production per kWp (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4.69 | 26.3 | 114 |
| Feb | 5.11 | 26.3 | 124 |
| Mar | 5.51 | 26.4 | 134 |
| Apr | 5.64 | 27.0 | 137 |
| May | 5.47 | 27.1 | 133 |
| Jun | 5.06 | 26.7 | 123 |
| Jul | 5.30 | 26.3 | 129 |
| Aug | 5.82 | 26.2 | 142 |
| Sep | 6.01 | 26.7 | 146 |
| Oct | 5.77 | 27.3 | 140 |
| Nov | 5.26 | 27.1 | 128 |
| Dec | 4.89 | 26.7 | 119 |
Solar potential of Manado explained
Manado receives an average of 5.38 kilowatt-hours of solar energy per square metre per day, measured over four decades of satellite observation. In practical terms, every kilowatt-peak of installed PV capacity yields about 1571 kWh of electricity per year here, assuming a well-oriented system with a typical 80% performance ratio. This places Manado among the stronger solar locations globally — comparable to southern Spain or California.
Frequently asked questions
Is solar worth it in Manado?
With 5.38 kWh/m²/day of average irradiation, a 1 kWp system in Manado produces roughly 1571 kWh per year. That is an excellent solar resource — payback periods are typically among the shortest worldwide.
How much electricity would a 5 kW system produce in Manado?
Approximately 8,000 kWh per year — enough to cover a large share of a typical household's consumption.
What data is this based on?
Long-term satellite observations from NASA POWER (1981–present) and the PVGIS SARAH3 database, assuming a performance ratio of 80%.
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