Solar energy in Moscow, Russia
Average irradiation 2.85 kWh/m²/day · ~832 kWh per kWp per year
Monthly solar irradiation & temperature in Moscow (NASA POWER)
| Month | Irradiation (kWh/m²/day) | Avg temp (°C) | Est. production per kWp (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0.60 | -10.7 | 14 |
| Feb | 1.42 | -9.6 | 35 |
| Mar | 2.89 | -4.1 | 70 |
| Apr | 3.97 | 4.2 | 97 |
| May | 5.15 | 12.6 | 125 |
| Jun | 5.53 | 16.0 | 134 |
| Jul | 5.33 | 19.0 | 130 |
| Aug | 4.36 | 17.2 | 106 |
| Sep | 2.80 | 11.5 | 68 |
| Oct | 1.31 | 4.2 | 32 |
| Nov | 0.53 | -2.2 | 13 |
| Dec | 0.35 | -7.7 | 9 |
Solar potential of Moscow explained
Moscow receives an average of 2.85 kilowatt-hours of solar energy per square metre per day, measured over four decades of satellite observation. In practical terms, every kilowatt-peak of installed PV capacity yields about 832 kWh of electricity per year here, assuming a well-oriented system with a typical 80% performance ratio. While winters are dark, modern panel prices mean solar can still be economical — self-consumption value matters more than raw sunshine here.
Frequently asked questions
Is solar worth it in Moscow?
With 2.85 kWh/m²/day of average irradiation, a 1 kWp system in Moscow produces roughly 832 kWh per year. That is a moderate solar resource; economics depend more on local electricity prices and incentives, which our AI planner can research for you.
How much electricity would a 5 kW system produce in Moscow?
Approximately 4,000 kWh per year — enough to cover a large share of a typical household's consumption.
What data is this based on?
Long-term satellite observations from NASA POWER (1981–present) and the PVGIS SARAH3 database, assuming a performance ratio of 80%.
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