Solar energy in Ulan Bator, Mongolia
Average irradiation 4.38 kWh/m²/day · ~1279 kWh per kWp per year
Monthly solar irradiation & temperature in Ulan Bator (NASA POWER)
| Month | Irradiation (kWh/m²/day) | Avg temp (°C) | Est. production per kWp (kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1.96 | -20.9 | 48 |
| Feb | 3.13 | -17.9 | 76 |
| Mar | 4.57 | -8.9 | 111 |
| Apr | 5.84 | 0.5 | 142 |
| May | 6.78 | 7.3 | 165 |
| Jun | 6.72 | 14.8 | 163 |
| Jul | 6.30 | 17.3 | 153 |
| Aug | 5.65 | 14.7 | 137 |
| Sep | 4.72 | 7.8 | 115 |
| Oct | 3.27 | -1.3 | 79 |
| Nov | 2.05 | -11.4 | 50 |
| Dec | 1.52 | -19.0 | 37 |
Solar potential of Ulan Bator explained
Ulan Bator receives an average of 4.38 kilowatt-hours of solar energy per square metre per day, measured over four decades of satellite observation. In practical terms, every kilowatt-peak of installed PV capacity yields about 1279 kWh of electricity per year here, assuming a well-oriented system with a typical 80% performance ratio. This is a solid mid-range solar resource: production is meaningful year-round, though winter output drops noticeably.
Frequently asked questions
Is solar worth it in Ulan Bator?
With 4.38 kWh/m²/day of average irradiation, a 1 kWp system in Ulan Bator produces roughly 1279 kWh per year. That is a good solar resource; with current panel prices most systems pay back well within their lifetime.
How much electricity would a 5 kW system produce in Ulan Bator?
Approximately 6,000 kWh per year — enough to cover a large share of a typical household's consumption.
What data is this based on?
Long-term satellite observations from NASA POWER (1981–present) and the PVGIS SARAH3 database, assuming a performance ratio of 80%.
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